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Translation - English Will era of unmanned helicopter Come
The idea use small unmanned helicopter to deliver goods coming up one by another in the United States and Europe.
U.S. online retailer giant Amazon.com announced plan Prime air which is deliveries goods from the sky by unmanned helicopter which guided by global Positioning system (GPS) late last year. It’s possible to practical application in four or five years if Regulatory barriers are no in the way.
German Deutsche Post DHL also make a experiments that deliver pharmaceuticals on the opposite bank of the river Rhine in Bonn. U.S. Domino's pizza strore in United Kingdom also post a video that delivered pizza used ultrasmall unmanned helicopter on the Internet.
The targets of the companys are various. For instant, Amazon hope capable finish delivery within 30 minutes after order had made by use unmanned helicopter if goods is 16km away from the physical distribution base and increase buyer satisfaction. Compared to truck,small size helicopter powered by electric motors emissions smaller amount of carbon dioxide.
And not getting in a traffic jam is another Charm. It’s will be more effectively when transport emergency supplies, such as pharmaceutical products.
Actually usege of unmanned helicopter in Japan is surprising progressing. Power by Yamaha motor and 3.6-metre span radio controled helicopter is alrerdy Commercialize for observation of dangerous areas, such as volcano and pesticide application.It has been selled more than 2000 models.
There are ideas to take advantage of it to inspect infrastructures where location like highway through gorge that people is hard to get nearby .
Though, spread usege of unmanned helicopter still have problems in technology and regulation. Ensure the safety Technically and Reduce costs that can bear for further commercialization is indispensable.
It's more troublesome about regulatory aspect. Not only Japan’law does not expect small unmanned helicopter globetrotting frequently, the discussion about any regulation is needed or not needed not even start. The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration has making rules about the flight of unmanned helicopter in the United States.
It's time Japan began to get seriously about potentiality of unattended delivery that labor shortages in the transportation field is begin stand out.
Source text - English E-commerce in China
No profits, we promise
JD, an e-commerce firm billed as China’s Amazon, prepares an IPO
IT IS a rare corporate boss who vows to make no profit for years. But that is precisely the strategy embraced by Richard Liu, the chief executive of JD. A year and a half ago, he declared that his Chinese e-commerce firm would earn no gross profits on electronic goods, which make up most of its sales, for three years. He was even reported to have threatened to sack any salesman making a margin.
Yet Mr. Liu secured more than $2 billion in early funding from such celebrated investors as Prince Waleed Bin Talal of Saudi Arabia and Sequoia Capital, an American venture-capital outfit. He now wants foreigners to plough another $1.5 billion or so into JD (previously known as 360buy) at its forthcoming initial public offering in New York. This seems cheeky, given that the firm has been bleeding red ink. In 2012 its net losses topped 1.7 billion Yuan ($283m), up from a loss of nearly 1.3 billion Yuan a year earlier. In the first three quarters of last year, it did make 60m Yuan of profit—but much of it from interest income. It has cash and equivalents on hand of only $1.4 billion, whereas its accounts payable exceed $1.7 billion. Given Mr. Liu’s plans for further expansion, its finances are unlikely to improve soon.
Would any investor want to buy into this promise of prosperity without palpable profits? Maybe. JD’s growth story is impressive. Like Amazon, the American online giant to which it is often compared (since it offers its own range of goods as well as offering a shop front for third-party sellers), JD is pursuing an “asset-heavy” business model that puts scale and market-share above short-term profits. On some measures, it is working: JD is the second-biggest competitor in the world’s biggest e-commerce market, lagging only Alibaba.
The value of transactions handled by JD exceeded 86 billion Yuan during the first three quarters of last year, up from 33 billion Yuan in all of 2011. The first three quarters of last year also saw the number of active accounts rise to 35.8m, from 12.5m in 2011. JD now has 82 warehouses across China, and over 18,000 delivery staff.
Two big questions hang over the firm’s future. One is whether the asset-heavy approach will pay off. Logistics infrastructure in much of China remains quite primitive. That means JD has to invest far more, proportionately, to guarantee reliable and timely deliveries in China than did Amazon, which benefited from America’s relatively good infrastructure.
JD also faces two formidable local rivals with strong finances. One is Tencent, an innovative firm that makes most of its money selling virtual goods to videogamers. Its early efforts at e-commerce were a bust but now this is a firm to watch. The reason is WeChat, its wildly popular messaging app. Tencent is cleverly using this free service as a Trojan horse, exploiting its presence on people’s smartphones to nudge them to shop via its various online platforms.
The other rival is, of course, Alibaba. The firm, which controls perhaps 80% of all e-commerce in China, is expanding into ancillary areas to fortify its position. It has invested in social-messaging outfits, launched online wealth-management services and bought into a popular taxi-hailing app. This week it launched a bid to win control of AutoNavi, China’s biggest equivalent to Google Maps.
JD’s rush to float, despite its meagre profits, is no accident. Alibaba is planning its own IPO soon, and it could be huge: the private sale of a stake in it this week values the firm at around $130 billion. It is hard enough trying to be the Amazon of China without also having to live in the shadow of Goliath.
Source text - English E-commerce in China
No profits, we promise
JD, an e-commerce firm billed as China’s Amazon, prepares an IPO
IT IS a rare corporate boss who vows to make no profit for years. But that is precisely the strategy embraced by Richard Liu, the chief executive of JD. A year and a half ago, he declared that his Chinese e-commerce firm would earn no gross profits on electronic goods, which make up most of its sales, for three years. He was even reported to have threatened to sack any salesman making a margin.
Yet Mr. Liu secured more than $2 billion in early funding from such celebrated investors as Prince Waleed Bin Talal of Saudi Arabia and Sequoia Capital, an American venture-capital outfit. He now wants foreigners to plough another $1.5 billion or so into JD (previously known as 360buy) at its forthcoming initial public offering in New York. This seems cheeky, given that the firm has been bleeding red ink. In 2012 its net losses topped 1.7 billion Yuan ($283m), up from a loss of nearly 1.3 billion Yuan a year earlier. In the first three quarters of last year, it did make 60m Yuan of profit—but much of it from interest income. It has cash and equivalents on hand of only $1.4 billion, whereas its accounts payable exceed $1.7 billion. Given Mr. Liu’s plans for further expansion, its finances are unlikely to improve soon.
Would any investor want to buy into this promise of prosperity without palpable profits? Maybe. JD’s growth story is impressive. Like Amazon, the American online giant to which it is often compared (since it offers its own range of goods as well as offering a shop front for third-party sellers), JD is pursuing an “asset-heavy” business model that puts scale and market-share above short-term profits. On some measures, it is working: JD is the second-biggest competitor in the world’s biggest e-commerce market, lagging only Alibaba.
The value of transactions handled by JD exceeded 86 billion Yuan during the first three quarters of last year, up from 33 billion Yuan in all of 2011. The first three quarters of last year also saw the number of active accounts rise to 35.8m, from 12.5m in 2011. JD now has 82 warehouses across China, and over 18,000 delivery staff.
Two big questions hang over the firm’s future. One is whether the asset-heavy approach will pay off. Logistics infrastructure in much of China remains quite primitive. That means JD has to invest far more, proportionately, to guarantee reliable and timely deliveries in China than did Amazon, which benefited from America’s relatively good infrastructure.
JD also faces two formidable local rivals with strong finances. One is Tencent, an innovative firm that makes most of its money selling virtual goods to videogamers. Its early efforts at e-commerce were a bust but now this is a firm to watch. The reason is WeChat, its wildly popular messaging app. Tencent is cleverly using this free service as a Trojan horse, exploiting its presence on people’s smartphones to nudge them to shop via its various online platforms.
The other rival is, of course, Alibaba. The firm, which controls perhaps 80% of all e-commerce in China, is expanding into ancillary areas to fortify its position. It has invested in social-messaging outfits, launched online wealth-management services and bought into a popular taxi-hailing app. This week it launched a bid to win control of AutoNavi, China’s biggest equivalent to Google Maps.
JD’s rush to float, despite its meagre profits, is no accident. Alibaba is planning its own IPO soon, and it could be huge: the private sale of a stake in it this week values the firm at around $130 billion. It is hard enough trying to be the Amazon of China without also having to live in the shadow of Goliath.
Translation - Japanese 中国E コマース
利益がない、約束する
中国のアマゾンといわれる電子商取引企業京東は新規株式公開を準備する。
Translation - English How to save the slowing China’s economy?
Since 2009, China's economic growth has shown clear decline tendency after Chinese government taken unprecedented market rescue measures, and withal, domestic and foreign economists have different opinion about it. Major opinion of foreign economists is Chinese economic structure adjustment be ineffective, proportion of consumption is low in GDP, and economic growth depend on investment-driven is unsustainable. Major opinion of domestic economists is China already reach Lewis turning point and demographic bonus are disappearing which result in slower economic growth. None of These explanations are convincing.
The proportion of consumption in GDP in developed countries usually are high, but those countries have very low economic growth rate, the proportion of consumption in GDP in some emerging market countries are high and some are low, but both economic growth rates are relatively high. It tells us very clearly that a country's economic growth rate have not inner link with low or high proportion of consumption in GDP. Review China’s practice during the past few years, we can have a clearly view that the more China try to speed up economic growth rely on consumption, the more faster economic growth rate fall. The reason is very simple, China's economic growth have not yet reach the development level can rely on consumption to drive economic growth and reason is there are still about half of China’s population live in rural areas and rural residents are more inclined to self-sufficient. The development strategies China needs is through increasing investments and creating more job opportunities to reduce rural population. Therefore, the prescription given by developed country economist for China's economic growth is basically wrong because they haven't figured out the fundamentally different between China economy and developed economy.
It’s also lack of persuasive to explain China's economic growth decline base on demographic bonus disappears or Lewis turning point theory. The arrival of Lewis turning point proved by an aging population is inaccurate, aging population mean flow (long-term) reduction of labor supply, but not does necessarily mean stock shrinkage of surplus labor. The question of how many surplus labor can release form Chinese rural area, not only depend on rural population, but also the status of rural technology progress, if Chinese agricultural productivity can reached the level of United States through rural technology advancement China can just use ten millions of labors to completed agricultural production instead of currently hundreds of millions of farmers (United States has population of 300 million today, but cultivated 22% arable land of the world only use about 3 million farmers). As a result, there still a lot of Chinese surplus labor from rural will go to urban industries in forthcoming hundreds of years period.
The history of UK and US provided strong evidence, United Kingdom keeping economic growth more than about 200 years from 1700 the beginning of Industrial Revolution by rely on transfer rural surplus labor to industrial city, United States also achieved fast economic growth between 1870 to 1970 and more than 90 years of it is trade surplus by rely on rural surplus labor transfer to industrial city as well (certainly there are contribution of immigrants came from overseas) The labor short supply in China and demographic bonus disappears based on rising wages in China today is even more implausible, because rising wages may caused by labor short supply, but it could also a result of Government twisted interference in the labor market.
In my opinion, the reason of China's economic slowing growth after 2009 market rescue mainly because various deflation policy and inappropriate expansion policy.
First is the deflation export policy. The purpose of implement this policy is to reduce the trade surplus and win over balance of trade. The policy measures had been implemented are: fixed exchange rate become floating exchange rates, RMB unilateral upward revaluation, support domestic trade and national treatment tax policy for multinational corporations. RMB upvaluation significantly increase China's export costs, national treatment tax policy for multinational corporations caused negative incentives, number of multinational companies entering China began to decrease and they start to withdraw their assets, it’s not just that, China loss export channel followed by multinational companies withdraw their assets because global sales channel basically controlled by multinational companies. All of these changes, either raise China's export costs or reduce China's export channel, China's trade growth begin to slowdown which lead to investment descending and growth go down.
second is deflation industrial policy. The goal of China launched deflation industrial policy is to adjust the industrial structure. The approach is formulate more detailed industrial policy, improve industry entry threshold, increase labor wage standard and increase standard of energy consumption and environmental protection . The outcomes of the policy is the policy vacancy industry, totally no meet the planed policy objectives which is force industrial transformation by increasing costs. The reason of this outcome is China essential factor constraint and limit China enterprises make the transition from low-end manufacturing to high-end manufacturing or innovation firm. China rich in labor resources, but lack of human capital, China do low-end manufacturing is match it’s essential factor but if China try to make transition from low-end manufacturing to high-end manufacturing or innovation firm will encounter supply shortage of human capital bottleneck.
Third is deflate monetary policy. The objective of deflate monetary policy is to coordinate the government policy of fiscal expansion for market rescue policy, implementing expansionary monetary policies in the circumstances of fiscal expansion at the same time could cause serious inflation, therefore requires mix fiscal monetary policy and deflate monetary policy. Essential tools of deflate monetary policy is raise interest and raise commercial bank’s reserve requirement ratio, first one is to control the money supply, and second one is for control of commercial bank credit creation. The Result of policy effects are domestic interest rate risen, domestic and foreign interest rate gap expand which lead to inflows of short-term overseas interest arbitrage capital and create positive feedback effect as follows: The Central Bank to raise interest rates than lead to inflows of short-term overseas interest arbitrage capital than lead to funds outstanding for foreign exchange than lead to money supply increase than lead to the Central Bank raise interest rates again. Under affect of this positive feedback mechanism the more people's Bank of China raise interest rates the more inflow of short-term overseas interest arbitrage capital which lead to more appreciation of RMB, consequently forcing the Central Bank to adopt even more tighter monetary policy, The result is under the impact of domestic high interest rates , productive fixed assets formation rates descent which weaken growth of entity economy.
Fourth is expansion fiscal policy. The primary objective of expanding fiscal policy is market rescue, second objective is process transfer payments for equitable distribution of social income, another one is also aimed at promoting structural adjustment by subsidies to high-tech industry. Expansion fiscal policy tool is fiscal budget expansion, transfer payments, government investment (channels are state-owned enterprises and city investment company). The direct effect of this policy is increase of tax burden and it’s indirect effect is financial market interest rates go up. As a result, revenue growth and corporate profit growth is upside down, real interest rates in the market and corporate profit growth is upside down. There are not worth to invest industry and commerce in this condition and along with large number of industrial capital realization (turn into finance and real estate capital) which lead to decline of economic growth.
According to analysis above, it’s not hard found out, the decline of China’economic growth largely because improper policy, so if we wanted China go back to sustainable economic growth path again, we need to reduced government improper intervention on economic growth, just like 18 Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the C.P.C pointed out that we must let market play key role in allocation of society resources.
In view of above analysis, we should adopt the following practices to ease the downward tendency of economic growth: First, develop trade liberalization through construction new opening up policy, go back to fixed exchange rate system, spur China economic returned to export oriented path; second, abandon improper industry policy and incentive social capital returned to entity economic through government functions shift, reduced industry access threshold and reduced tax; third, abandon improper monetary policy that pegged commodity price which instead pegged liquidity because in an open economic environment that international capital flowing, only pegged international capital flowing can real effective control liquidity and then reached the price stabilization target; fourth, fiscal policy must be proper deflate cause right now over loose financial policy had made government function and market function alternative, implement of tax cuts policy should be priority if must pursue expansionary fiscal, so enterprise have more money to spent which improve capital availability factor and further more can increase degree of general adoption of the market principle, these all methods above can real do let market played key role in allocation of society resources instead of government and put China ‘s economic growth back to the correct path.
I have been providing Chinese translation services for the past 2 years for clients ranging from large corporations to private individuals.
I provide professional translations both direction of Chinese,Japanese and English. I also offer proofreading and editing services in my native Chinese. I have solid experience translating everything from technical user manuals to legal contracts to social dating websites, I also have multiple references and additional samples available on request.
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