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Source text - Swedish Marknadsrisk Som mått på den dagliga marknadsrisken används ”Value at Risk” (VaR). Denna statistiska metod uttrycker den potentiella förlusten som med viss sannolikhet kan uppstå under en viss tidsperiod. Om fondandelsvärdet har minskat med 20% under en enskild kalendermånad skall alla investeringar likvideras så snart detta kan ske. Fondandelsägarnas konstaterade förlust sedan föregående månadsskifte kan komma att överstiga 20%, exempelvis beroende på att marknadspriserna rört sig snabbt. Interna stresstester och intern styrning skall dock tillgodose att detta sannolikt aldrig kommer inträffa. Efter att fondandelsägarna haft möjlighet att inlösa fondandelar, återupptas fondens verksamhet.
Translation - English Market risk “Value at Risk” (VaR) is used as a metric of daily market risk. This statistical method expresses the potential loss that may occur with a certain probability under a certain period of time.
If the fund’s share value has decreased by 20% percent during a single calendar month, all investments are to be liquidated as soon as this can occur. The fund shareholder’s stated loss since the end of the previous month may exceed 20%, owing for instance to rapidly-moving market prices. However, internal stress tests and internal direction will see to it that this will likely never occur. After the fund’s shareholders have had the opportunity to redeem fund shares, the fund’s operations will be recommenced.
Swedish to English: Pharmaceutical policy General field: Medical Detailed field: Government / Politics
Source text - Swedish ANDVÅRDS- OCH LÄKEMEDELSFÖRMÅNSVERKET
VI ARBETAR FRAM PRAXIS
I takt med de beslut vi tar växer det fram en allt mer heltäckande praxis. Du hittar mer information om utvecklingen i vår årsredovisning.
LAGAR OCH REGLER FÖR FÖRSÄLJNING AV LÄKEMEDEL
Generellt gäller att ett läkemedel ska vara godkänt av Läkemedelsverket eller den Europeiska kommissionen för att få säljas i Sverige.
Läkemedelslagen (SFS 1992:859) beskriver de grundläggande bestämmelser om kontroll och tillsyn av läkemedel som gäller i Sverige. Inom EU finns det dessutom särskilda regler och krav för att ett läkemedel ska få finnas på den europeiska marknaden.
Det är företaget som ansöker om subvention som ska visa att läkemedlet uppfyller de krav som lagen kräver.
GRUNDLÄGGANDE PRINCIPER
Vi fattar våra beslut med utgångspunkt från lagen om läkemedelsförmåner samt hälso- och sjukvårdens övergripande mål om en god hälsa och en vård på lika villkor.
Vi tar hänsyn till tre grundläggande principer:
* kostnadseffektivitetsprincipen - kostnaderna för att använda ett läkemedel ska vara rimliga från medicinska, humanitära och samhällsekonomiska synpunkter
* behovs- och solidaritetsprincipen - de som har det största medicinska behoven ska ha mer av vårdens resurser än andra patientgrupper
* människovärdesprincipen - vården ska respektera alla människors lika värde
Innan vi fattar beslut har landstingen rätt att ta del av företagets ansökan och vårt beslutsunderlag. Berört företag får också ta del av underlaget.
Vi ser just nu över vårt arbetssätt när det gäller genomgångarna av läkemedelssortimentet och gör därför ingen uppdatering av riktlinjerna i juni som vi brukar.
Översynen är en del i av uppdrag vi har fått av regeringen med anledning av omregleringen av apoteksmarknaden. Vi ser bland annat över hur vi kan öka hastigheten i arbetet.
Translation - English SWEDISH DENTAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL BENEFITS AGENCY
TOWARDS MORE COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICES
Our practices become increasingly comprehensive with every decision we make. You can find more information on this topic in our Annual Report.
LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONS ON THE SALE OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
As a rule of thumb, a medicinal product must be approved by the Swedish Medical Products Agency or the European Commission in order to be sold in Sweden.
The Medicinal Products Act (SFS 1992:859) describes the basic provisions governing control and oversight of medicinal products in Sweden. Special regulations and requirements also apply within the EU with respect to which medicinal products may be sold on the European market.
The company applying for reimbursement is responsible for demonstrating that the medicinal product meets applicable legal requirements.
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
Our decisions issue from the Act on Pharmaceutical Benefits as well as the overarching goal of promoting good health and equal access to health care.
We take into account three fundamental principles:
* the cost-effectiveness principle - the cost of using a medicinal product should be reasonable from a medical, humanitarian and socioeconomic perspective
* the need and solidarity principle - those with the most pressing medical needs should have more of the health care system's resources than other patient groups
* the human value principle - the health care system should respect the equal value of all human life
Before we make a decision, the county councils are entitled to review the company's application along with our decision materials. The applying company can also access these decision materials.
We are currently in the process of a procedural overhaul for the pharmaceutical review. For this reason, we will not be updating our guidelines in June as we ordinarily do.
The overhaul is part of a mandate from the Swedish government occasioned by the re-regulation of the pharmacy market. One aspect we are examining is how we can increase the speed with which we work.
Swedish to English: Company vehicle agreement General field: Law/Patents Detailed field: Law: Contract(s)
Source text - Swedish § 2 Fahrzeuggestellung und Privatnutzung
Für die Fahrzeuggestellung einschließlich der Privatnutzung gelten die folgenden Bedingungen:
a) Steuerfragen
Die lohnsteuerrechtliche Behandlung der Privatnutzung richtet sich nach den jeweiligen maßgeblichen Vorschriften. Demnach ist z.Zt. zu versteuern:
Monatlich 1% vom Bruttolistenpreis = XXX Euro
Soweit steuerpflichtige Fahrten zwischen Wohnung und Arbeitsstätte (Abschnitt 31, Abs. 7, Nr. 1 Lohnsteuerrecht) anfallen, werden zusätzlich 0,03% des Listenpreises/Entfernungskilometer angesetzt.
b) Unterhaltskosten
Die Firma übernimmt die Kosten des Fahrzeugbetriebes wie Kraftstoff, Reparaturen, Wartung, Reinigung, Miete/Leasing und Versicherungen.
Bei Urlaubsfahrten in Deutschland sowie im Ausland sind die Kraftstoff- und Reinigungskosten vollständig durch den Mitarbeiter selbst zu tragen.
Privatfahrten ins Ausland bedürfen der vorherigen Zustimmung durch die Firma.
§ 3 Überlassung an Dritte/Mitnahme Dritter
Der Mitarbeiter darf das Fahrzeug Dritten nur mit vorheriger Zustimmung der Firma überlassen.
Die Überlassung an den Ehepartner/eingetragenen Lebenspartner/Lebensgefährten wird von der Firma erlaubt, sofern dieser im Besitz einer gültigen Fahrerlaubnis ist. Die Überlassung an weitere Familienmitglieder bedarf stets der vorherigen Genehmigung durch die Firma. Sie setzt in jedem Fall den Besitz einer gültigen Fahrerlaubnis voraus. Für Schäden bei nichterlaubter Überlassung haftet der Mitarbeiter vollumfänglich. Ansonsten gilt das oben über die Haftung Gesagte. Die Mitnahme bei Dienstfahrten ist nur gestattet, soweit ein betriebliches Interesse besteht.
§ 4 Gebrauchsüberlassung, Rückgabeverpflichtung
Die Gebrauchsüberlassung ist an das bestehende Arbeitsverhältnis gebunden und endet automatisch mit dem Ende des Arbeitsverhältnisses. Die Firma behält sich vor, das Fahrzeug bei folgenden Gegebenheiten vorzeitig herauszuverlangen: nach Kündigung des Arbeitsverhältnisses, insbesondere im Falle einer Freistellung des Mitarbeiters; bei Versetzung des Mitarbeiters in den Innendienst; bei Fehlzeiten, die eine Dauer von zusammenhängenden 6 Wochen übersteigen (Krankheit, Mutterschutz, Elternzeit, unbezahlter Urlaub, Kur).
Translation - English § 2 Vehicle provision and private use
Use of the company vehicle, including personal use, shall be subject the following conditions:
a) Taxation
Private use shall be governed by the relevant wage tax regulations, and shall be taxable according to the following calculation:
1% of the gross list price per month= XXX EUR
Pursuant to article 31, point 7, paragraph 1 of the Income Tax Law, an additional 0.03% of the list price/distance in kilometers will be added to the tax rate for taxable trips for between home and work.
b) Maintenance costs
The Company shall cover vehicle operation costs such as fuel, repairs, maintenance, cleaning, rent/leasing and insurance.
The Employee shall bear all fuel and cleaning costs for leisure travel within Germany and abroad.
Personal trips abroad require prior approval from the Company.
§ 3 Use by third parties/Third-party passengers
The Employee may not permit third parties to use the vehicle without prior approval from the Company.
The Employee may permit his or her spouse/registered partner/cohabiting partner to use the vehicle so long as the spouse or partner is in possession of a valid driver's license. Prior approval from the Company shall always be required before other members of the Employee's family may use the vehicle. A valid driver's license is required at all times. The Employee shall be fully liable for damages incurred from unauthorized use of the vehicle. The above stated liability policy shall apply in all other respects. Passengers are only permitted to accompany the Employee on business errands when necessary for business-related reasons.
§ 4 Rights of use and duty to return
The Employee's right to use the vehicle is bound by the employment relationship and will automatically terminate with the end of the employment relationship. The Company reserves the right to demand early return of the vehicle under the following circumstances: following termination of the employment relationship, particularly in the event of Employee leave of absence; upon transfer of the Employee from field sales to an office staff position; and in the event of periods of absence in excess of 6 consecutive weeks (sickness, maternity, parental leave, unpaid vacation, rehabilitation/convalescent care).
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Bachelor's degree - Georgetown University
Experience
Years of experience: 22. Registered at ProZ.com: Jun 2007.
German to English (Georgetown University, D.C.) Swedish to English (Göteborgs Universitet) Norwegian to English (Verified) French to English (Georgetown University, D.C.)
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