Feb 4, 2009 12:36
15 yrs ago
English term

hard water

GBK English to Malay Science Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
Definition from antoine.frostburg.edu:
Hard water is water contaminated with compounds of calcium and magnesium. Dissolved iron, manganese, and strontium compounds can also contribute to the "total hardness" of the water, which is usually expressed as ppm CaCO3. Water with a hardness over 80 ppm CaCO3 is often treated with water softeners, since hard water produces scale in hot water pipes and boilers and lowers the effectiveness of detergents.
Example sentences:
Some laundry detergents do not produce as many suds in hard water, these are likely to be soap-based products and do not work as well in hard-water as detergent based products. (water-treatment.org.uk)
Hard water also contributes to inefficient and costly operation of water-using appliances. Heated hard water forms a scale of calcium and magnesium minerals that can contribute to the inefficient operation or failure of water-using appliances. (Wilkes University)
Clothes washed in hard water often look dingy and feel harsh and scratchy. (sciLinks)
Proposed translations (Malay)
5 +1 air liat
Change log

Feb 4, 2009 12:24: changed "Kudoz queue" from "In queue" to "Public"

Feb 4, 2009 12:36: Enrique Cavalitto changed "Stage" from "Preparation" to "Submission"

Feb 7, 2009 12:54: changed "Stage" from "Submission" to "Selection"

Proposed translations

+1
9 days

air liat

Istilah lama: air sadah
Definition from Karyanet:
Air yang mengandungi sebatian garam kalsium, magnesium,atau ferum, tidak mudah membentuk buih apabila ditindakkan dengan sabun.
Example sentences:
Air liat yang terdapat di kawasan batu kapur mengandungi banyak garam kalsium yang terlarut. (Portal Pendidikan Utusan)
Peer comment(s):

agree Rahayu Mohd Yusoff
74 days
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